Political budget cycles revisited: Testing the signalling process

A widespread view in the ‘political budget cycles’ literature is that incumbent politicians seek to influence voters’ perceptions of their competence and/or preferences by using the composition of the fiscal budget as a signalling tool. However, little is known about whether voters actually receive and perceive the signal in that way. To empirically assess the relevance of the signalling channel at the municipal level, we conducted a survey among 2000 representative German citizens in 2018. Only a small fraction of voters feel well-informed about the fiscal budget signal and use the information it contains to decide whether to vote for the incumbent politician. Persons paying more attention to the signal sent by local politicians live in smaller municipalities, are more satisfied with their economic situation, are more educated, and do not feel that they are being electorally manipulated. Our analysis raises doubt about the relevance of budget composition as a signalling mechanism for voters at the local level.     

How household food shopping behaviors changed during COVID-19 lockdown period: Evidence from Beijing,China

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a great impact on food shopping behavior. However, changes in food shopping behavior and related decision-making mechanisms remain unexplored. This study conducted a face-to-face questionnaire survey with 900 residents in three communities in Haidian, Beijing, China, to analyze food shopping behavior during the periods of pre-lockdown, lockdown (January–March 2020), and post-lockdown. Our results indicated that the preference for fresh food e-commerce shopping was accelerated by the lockdown with the usage rate increasing by 48%; the wet markets were seriously hit by the lockdown policy and had not fully recovered by the post-lockdown period (with a 75% reduction in the usage rate during lockdown). The psychological mechanisms of changes in food shopping behavior revealed that the context (e.g., community facilities) and the perceived risk of COVID-19 were two significant factors impacting the four shopping choices investigated. Specifically, the context factors affected behavior directly for supermarkets and convenience stores and indirectly for e-commerce and wet markets. The findings are expected to help in guiding emergency responses during a future pandemic as well as the long-term construction of food supply facilities.     

旅游资源调查和评价信息系统的开发

为了配合国标《旅游资源分类、调查与评价》的实施．针对旅游资源调查和评价的实际工作的需要，应用最新的地理信息技术研究开发“旅游资源调查和评价信息系统”．对于实现旅游资源调查和评价的信息化、标准化具有重大的理论与实践意义。系统通过标准信息编码来实现旅游资源数据的规范化管理，能够实现旅游资源数据共享、数据互操作，为未来在全国范围内的旅游资源比较评价提供了可能性。     

区域经济一体化研究动态:国外文献综述

区域经济一体化由最初作为GATT体制的"无奈补充"发展成为各国推动贸易自由化的重要途径。文章选择区域经济一体化理论基础、经济效应、政治利益、影响因素、诱因分析以及研究方法等六个方面,梳理了国外学者的研究动态,并提出了对我国参与区域经济一体化的三点启示。     

The Ethics of Professorial Book Selling: Morality, Money and "Black Market" Books

This study used experimental and correlational techniques to examine perceptions that university faculty hold regarding the practice of professorial selling of examination textbooks to wholesalers. Faculty members (n = 236) from 14 universities and community colleges and a wide variety of academic disciplines responded to a web-based survey. We presented hypothetical selling situations to respondents with manipulated variables consisting of solicitation status (unsolicited versus solicited) and use of money (for faculty or for student activities). Both main effects and the interaction effect were significant such that respondents perceived it to be more ethical to sell an examination book when the book was unsolicited and when the money was being used to fund student activities. The variable most correlated with faculty members' beliefs that book selling is ethical and the faculty members' self-reports of whether or not they have engaged in bookselling was how widespread the practice appeared to be on campus. About 30 percent of faculty members sold textbooks over the past year at a dollar value of about $80 per professor. About 38 percent of respondents reported they believed the practice to be generally ethical. Implications for business ethics theory, students' moral development, and advancement of on-campus codes of ethics policies are discussed along with avenues for future research.     

天津市企业信息资源管理状况调查与分析

在研究企业信息资源管理内容的基础上,调查了天津市企业信息资源管理现状,指出天津市信息化建设基础虽然在全国处于领先地位,但与北京、上海等信息化建设较好的省份相比还存在一定差距,如全社会对信息化工作战略地位认识较低、网络结构不尽合理、信息资源开发滞后等。因此,应采取相应策略加以改善。     

供应链合作伙伴选择问题研究综述

本文综述了国内供应链管理中合作伙伴选择问题的研究现状。从研究的对象和方法两个方面,对该领域的研究成果进行了分类和总结。最后,结合我国供应链合作伙伴选择中的实际问题,指出了现有研究中仍存在的空白和薄弱点。     

杭州市方便面市场营销调查研究

依据市场营销学原理,针对杭州市方便面市场进行了调查研究。目前在"康师傅"和"统一"两个品牌占杭州方便市场主导地位的情况下,打入一个新的大陆品牌具有可能性,应针对这一市场机会进一步开发设计一个全新的品牌及其市场营销策略。     

种植业保险需求调查分析

我国是世界上自然灾害最为频繁的国家之一。灾害种类多、频度高、分布广、损失大。2003、2004、2005年农业成灾面积占播种面积的比重分别为21.33%、10.61%、12.84%。近几年灾害造成的粮食损失每年都在400亿公斤以上,经济损失每年都在600亿元以上。种植业保险是降低种植业风险的有效手段,伴随灾害而来的巨大损失使越来越多的农民保险意愿日益强烈。在这种情势下,种植业保险却出现了日益萎缩的怪现象,陷入了"供给不足,需求有限"的困境。笔者对鄱阳湖湖区进行了实地调查分析,以求解决种植业保险的供给与需求矛盾。     

农业国内支持政策研究综述

农业的弱质性和多功能性为农业国内支持政策提供理论依据,各国普遍对农业实施农业国内支持政策。由于OECD成员国在基期国内支持水平很高以及WTO农业协议与新一轮WTO谈判的约束,国外普遍利用定量的方法研究农业支持的消减、农业谈判、欧盟扩大和农业补贴的效率等国内支持相关问题;国内有关农业国内支持的研究一般停留在定性方面,农业国内支持的定量研究尤其是优化研究很少。因此,研究如何不断提高我国农业国内支持水平,优化国内支持结构,建立合理的农业国内支持政策体系,具有一定的理论意义与实践价值。